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| 基金项目：陕西省水土保持可研示范项目（2004[05]） |
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| 摘要： |
| 陕南地区位于秦岭山区，坡耕地面积大，降雨形成的坡面径流是当地水土流失的主导因子，通过合理配置当地土地资源，充分利用坡面径流资源，从而减少水土流失。以陕南大南沟小流域为研究对象，通过收集整理当地多年的降雨资料，借助GIS及Surfer等相关软件对不同坡度的坡地资源进行划分和统计，利用流域内水土资源之间的相互依存及彼此约束性，基于线性规划理论，通过构建、求解水土资源优化配置线性规划的数学模型，对小流域的水土资源进行优化配置，并用单纯形法对模型进行求解。通过对模型中相关参数的不断优化、调节，最终得出“以人定水田”“以水定田无旱无树”“以水定田无旱有树”3种水土资源的优化配置方案。通过优化配置即可达到水土保持的目的，同时也为后期土地规划等提 |
| 关键词：水土流失 GIS 线性规划 单纯形法 数学模型 陕西丹凤 |
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| Abstract: |
| The southern Shaanxi area is located in the Qinling Mountains, with a large sloping arable land area. The slope runoff formed by rainfall is the dominant factor in the local soil and water loss. By rationally configuring the local land resources and making full use of the slope runoff resources, the soil and water loss can be reduced. Taking the Danangou small watershed in southern Shaanxi as an example, this work collected and sorted out local rainfall data, and used GIS and Surfer and other related software to divide and conduct statistical analysis of the slope land resources of different slopes. By the use of the interdependence of the water and soil resources in the basin and the interdependence of each other, and on the basis of the linear programming theory, this work constructed and solved the mathematical model of linear programming of optimal allocation of soil and water resources, and the water and soil resources of small watershed were optimized and the model was solved by simplex method. Through the continuous optimization and adjustment of the related parameters in the model, the ″water field with human being fixed″ and ″no drought and no tree in water fixed field″ were finally obtained. And the optimal allocation scheme of three kinds of soil and water resources with ″water fixed field without drought and tree″ has achieved the purpose of soil and water conservation by optimizing the allocation, and also provides the basis for the later land planning. |
| Keywords:soil and water loss GIS linear programming simplex method mathematical model Danfeng, Shaanxi Province |
| 任金来, 李云峰, 王玉喜,等.小流域水土资源优化配置线性规划数学模型的构建及求解——以陕南丹凤大南沟小流域为例[J].地质学刊,2019,43(1):122-128 |
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