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| 基金项目：江苏省省级耕地污染防治专项资金项目（苏财建[2017]123号） |
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| 摘要： |
| Cd和As两种污染物的离子电荷不同,化学性质迥异，因此Cd和As复合型重金属污染的土壤修复难度大。某地农田土壤呈弱碱性，因受老旧废弃垃圾填埋场的影响变为弱酸性，土壤样品中Cd和As均超标，有效态含量高，水稻样品超标率＞15.4%。实验室小试证明:生石灰可以降低Cd的活性，升高As的有效态，综合修复效果差；活性炭和矿物“微胶囊”因其吸附机制可同时降低Cd和As的有效态含量；活性炭钝化Cd的短期效应相与矿物“微胶囊”相当，钝化As的短期效应相比矿物“微胶囊”有一定的优势；矿物“微胶囊”的长期钝化效应最好,2年观察周期后活性炭效果归零，而矿物“微胶囊”效果稳定持续，有效态去除率最终可达90%。3种材料修复Cd和As复合污染型耕地土壤的综合性能筛选结果为矿物“微胶囊”（优）＞活性炭＞生石灰（差）。 |
| 关键词：砷 镉 重金属 复合型污染 农田土壤修复 矿物“微胶囊” |
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| Abstract: |
| The remediation of soil polluted by Cd and As is much complicated because of their opposite ionic states and geochemical behavior. The paddy soil in a certain area is weakly alkaline, but became weakly acidic due to the impact of landfills leachate. The detected concentrations of Cd and As in its soil exceed the screen values of related national standard with high available forms, and over 15.4% of the rice samples exceeding the limitations. Laboratory tests prove that calcium oxide, CO shortly, can deactivate Cd and increase the activity of available As, resulting in its poor comprehensive remediating effect. Activated carbon, AC shortly, and Mineral ″Microcapsule″, MMC shortly, can simultaneously reduce the available Cd and As by means of physical absorption. The short-term effect of AC and MMC on Cd passivation is equivalent, but AC showed a better effect on As passivation than MMC. MMC have a much better three-year-effect to stabilize Cd and As. The data showed that after two years of observation, the effect of AC returned to zero, while the effect of MMC was stable and sustainable, and the removal rate of available form could reach 90% eventually. The comprehensive performance screening results of Cd and As passivation were as follows: mineral ″microcapsule″ (good) > activated carbon > quicklime (bad). |
| Keywords:As Cd heavy metal comprehensive pollution farmland soil restoration mineral ″microcapsule″ |
| 夏同法，王殿二，陈玉衡.Cd-As复合污染农田土壤修复材料的筛选[J].地质学刊,2021,45(3):299-305 |
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