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| 基金项目：中国地质调查局项目“东北黑土地1∶25 000土地质量地球化学调查”（DD20160318）、“大凉山生态地质调查”（DD20190542）、“长江上游水土流失区生态地质调查与综合评价”（DD20221776） |
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| 摘要： |
| 在中小尺度上确定土壤养分状况并准确表达其空间分布特征仍需深入研究，了解和掌握土壤养分现状可为土地资源利用提供一定的科学参考。基于内蒙古东来地区土地质量地球化学调查中采集的468件表层土壤样品分析结果，采用主成分分析法和GIS技术对碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质4项养分指标进行空间分布特征分析及养分丰缺评价。结果表明，研究区土壤养分属于中度变异，呈不均匀分布。主成分分析提取的2项主成分指标可反映土壤养分指标90.34%的原量信息，得出的土壤肥力综合得分IFI值为-1.643～1.972。空间分布特征显示,研究区土壤整体有机质缺乏，碱解氮稍缺，速效磷适中，速效钾较丰富。IFI值的空间插值结果表明：土壤养分达到丰富及以上的区域占研究区面积的29.35%，主要分布在研究区中部的工农村、七间房附近；达到适中等级的占比为41.74%；稍缺—缺乏等级的占比为28.91%，其中缺乏等级分布面积为10.43%，主要分布在辽河农场三分场附近。建议在研究区进行农林业生产活动时，应注意有机肥和氮肥的增施。 |
| 关键词：主成分 GIS 土壤养分 地球化学 内蒙古东来 |
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| Abstract: |
| In-depth research is still needed to determine the status of soil nutrients on medium and small scales and accurately realize the expression of their spatial distribution characteristics. The status quo of soil nutrients can provide a certain scientific reference for the use of land resources. Based on the analysis results of 468 topsoil samples collected through a land quality geochemical survey in Donglai area, Inner Mongolia, the principal component analysis method and GIS technology were selected to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of 4 nutrient indicators, namely, alkali hydrolysable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter, and evaluate their nutrient abundance and deficiency. The results show that the soil nutrients in the study area are moderately variable and unevenly distributed. The two principal components extracted by principal component analysis can reflect 90.34% of the original information of soil nutrient indexes. The comprehensive score of soil integrated fertility index (IFI) obtained by principal component analysis is from -1.643 to 1.972. The spatial distribution characteristics show that the soil in the study area is short of organic matter, slightly short of alkali hydrolysable nitrogen, moderately short of available phosphorus and rich in available potassium. A comprehensive evaluation of the spatial interpolation analysis results of IFI values shows that areas where soil nutrients reach and exceed abundance were mainly distributed in the vicinity of Gongnong Village and Qijianfang Village in the central part of the study area, accounting for 29.35% of the total area; areas with moderate grade of soil nutrients accounted for 41.74%; areas with slightly deficient and deficient grade accounted for 28.91%, where the distribution area with deficient grade accounted for 10.43%, mainly distributed in the vicinity of the third branch of Liaohe farm. It is suggested that the increased application of organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer should be paid attention to in agricultural and forestry production in this region. |
| Keywords:principal component GIS soil nutrient geochemistry Donglai area, Inner Mongolia |
| 李帅，李樋，邢欢，等.内蒙古东来地区土壤养分空间分布特征及评价[J].地质学刊,2023,47(3):314-321 |
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