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| 基金项目：中国地质调查局地质矿产调查与环境评价专项“国家地质数据库建设与整合”(DD20160351)、“地质调查综合智能编图系统与应用”（DD20190415）、“地球科学数据集成与服务”（DD20221785） |
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| 摘要： |
| 依托MapGIS平台，应用新技术和新方法，根据统一标准和要求编制了中华人民共和国地质图（1∶150万）和图形空间数据库。该图集成了近20多年来全国1∶5万和1∶25万区域地质调查、重点成矿区带1∶50万～1∶100万地质编图、部分省区地质志、基础地质科学研究等新成果和新资料，系统更新了全国区域地层系统、全国岩浆岩时空序列及变质岩分布与变质作用框架，建立并完善了区域地层格架，划分了全国大地构造单元，新确认一批区域性重要构造界面等。应用计算机辅助智能地质编图技术，华北、东北、华东、中南、西南、西北六大区同时编图，按省（区）分别进行地质单元、地理数据、数据结构无缝拼接，绘制“全国地质一张图”，形成库图一体成果。数据库数据量约1.65 GB，标示地质体78 194个、火山口或火山喷发中心308个、重要化石点和化石群221个、金钉子12个、同位素年龄数据1 197个、代表性钻孔（含大陆深钻）125个。该数据库填补了国家地质数据库体系空白，为地质大数据、“地质云”建设和服务提供了基础数据源，为自然资源规划管理、基础地质和资源环境背景研究、环境治理和灾害防治、国际合作等提供了重要的基础地质资料。 |
| 关键词：中华人民共和国地质图 1∶150万 空间数据库 库图一体 MapGIS |
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| Abstract: |
| Based on the MapGIS platform and new technology and new methods, the geological map (1∶1,500,000) and graphic spatial database of the People′s Republic of China were compiled according to unified standards and requirements. Multi disciplinary data, including the 1∶50,000 and the 1∶250,000 regional geological surveys of the country, geological maps of main metallogenic belts at the scales ranging from 1∶500,000 to 1∶1,000,000, geological records of some provinces and autonomous regions, and findings of basic geoscience were used to map comprehensively. The regional stratigraphic system of the whole country, the national spatiotemporal sequence of magmatic rock, the distribution of metamorphic rock and the framework of metamorphism have been updated, the national geotectonic units have been divided, and a number of important regional tectonic boundary surfaces has been newly confirmed. The computer-aided intelligent geological mapping technology has been preliminarily applied to form the integration of ″map and database″. With the simultaneous mapping of North China, Northeast China, East China, Central South, Southwest China and Northwest China, and the seamless montage of geological units, geographic data and data structures of every province and every autonomous region, the national geological map has been completed. The database contains about 1.65 GB of data, including 78,194 marked geological bodies, 308 craters or volcanic eruption centers, 221 important fossil sites and fossil groups, 12 golden spikes, 1,197 isotopic age data, and 125 representative boreholes (including continental deep drilling). The database fills the gaps in the national geological database system, provides basic data sources for geological big data and Geo-cloud construction and services, and offers important basic geological data for natural resource planning and management, basic geological and resource environment background research, environmental governance and disaster prevention and control, international cooperation, etc. |
| Keywords:geological map of the People′s Republic of China 1∶1,500,000 spatial database integration of map and database MapGIS |
| 袁启玉，李仰春，吴亮，等.中华人民共和国地质图（1∶150万）空间数据库建设方法[J].地质学刊,2024,48(1):68-75 |
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