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| 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目(41842039),河北省人民政府特别资助项目(Z20177187),中国地质调查局项目(DD20190601),河北地质大学校长基金项目 |
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| 摘要： |
| 多年来，根据古蛋白分析，认为甘肃夏河地区发现的人类下颌骨化石是俄罗斯发现的丹尼索瓦人，年代大约为16万年。该人类下颌骨化石被认为是在阿尔泰山以外地区发现丹尼索瓦人的直接证据，也是丹尼索瓦人在东亚地区尤其是青藏高原生活的直接证据。2021年，季强等根据黑龙江哈尔滨发现的2件晚中更新世人类头骨化石建立了一个新的人种，即龙人（Homo longi）；同年，倪喜军等确认一个东亚地区特有的演化支系，即龙人演化支系。2024年，季强等根据河北郧县发现的2件人类头骨化石建立了2个新种，即郧县人和东方人。他们认为郧县人是直立人的直系后代，而东方人则是智人演化支系和包括海德堡人和尼安德特人在内的龙人演化支系的关系最近的共同祖先。2025年，付巧妹等发表了分子生物学的研究成果，认为龙人（哈尔滨头颅化石）与丹尼索瓦人3号点演化支系的关系最近，并且推测龙人可能来自与丹尼索瓦人关系密切的族群。因此认为丹尼索瓦人演化支系就是龙人演化支系，其广泛分布于包括青藏高原在内的东亚地区。 |
| 关键词：夏河丹尼索瓦人 龙副人 中更新世晚期 中国甘肃 |
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| Abstract: |
| The Xiahe mandible (right half), which is about 0.16 million years in age, had been considered as Denisovans for years based on ancient protein analysis. The lower jaw was suggested to be the direct evidence of Denisovans outside Altai Mountains and of their existence in East Asia, especially on the Tibetan Plateau. Ji et al. (2021) established a new species: Homo longi, based on a well-preserved human cranium of late Middle Pleistocene, and Ni et al. (2021) recognized a new independent evolutionary clade, namely the longi lineage distributed in East Asia. Ji et al. (2024) recognized two Homo species, namely Homo yunxianensis and Homo orientalis. Homo yunxianensis was considered to be the first descendant of Homo erectus, and Homo orientalis was suggested to be the last common ancestor of the sapiens lineage and the longi lineage including Homo heidelbergensis and H. neanderthalensis. Fu et al. (2025) reported their reserch results of molecular biology and considered that Homo longi (the Harbin cranium) was closely related to the lineage leading to Denisovan 3 and that Homo longi could be from a Denisovan-related population. However, we are still sure that the so-called Denisovan lineage is certainly the longi lineage, which was widely distributed in East Asia including the Tibetan Plateau. |
| Keywords:the Xiahe Denisovan Homo (Parahomo)longi late Middle Pleistocene Gansu Province, China |
| 季 强,季燕南,刘傲然,等.中国甘肃省夏河地区发现的晚中更新世人类的演化谱系位置[J].地质学刊,2025,49(4):343-348 |
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