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| 基金项目：福建省地质调查资金项目“厦门地质大数据服务平台建设（二期）”（闽地环务〔2023〕13号） |
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| 摘要： |
| 基于厦门地质大数据库13万余个工程钻孔数据构建“3S”技术体系：空间数据库（Spatial Database）、统计建模（Statistical Modeling）和空间分析（Spatial Analysis），并以可视化的形式系统揭示了断裂构造对花岗岩孤石分布的控制规律，提出针对性的工程防控与资源化策略。结果表明：孤石分布受深大断裂（长乐—南澳、南靖—厦门）显著控制，高密度区集中于断裂交会带的γ2 3-5期花岗岩强风化层内（如厦门岛核心区），距断裂1 km范围内的孤石钻孔揭露率高达15.2%；孤石埋深以0～30 m为主（揭露率为78.3%），数量随深度递减，直径多＜4 m（占比为89.17%），强风化层为其优势赋存层位（揭露率为39.0%）；断裂-岩性（γ2 3-5期富长石花岗岩）-风化带耦合作用是孤石分异的核心机制。针对孤石引发的地基基础不稳、地下空间开发及边坡失稳等风险，提出了断裂控制区勘察方法、基于孤石特征的施工防控技术优化及资源化利用途径。研究成果可为厦门及其他类似地区重大工程的安全建设提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词：花岗岩球状风化体 孤石分布 断裂构造控制 工程风险防控 地质大数据 厦门 |
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| Abstract: |
| Based on over 130,000 engineering borehole data from the Xiamen geological database, a ″3S″ technical framework consisting of Spatial Database, Statistical Modeling and Spatial Analysis was constructed. Through visualization, this study systematically reveals, for the first time, the controlling patterns of fracturing structures on the distribution of granitic boulders and proposes targeted strategies for engineering risk prevention and resource utilization. The results indicate that boulder distribution is significantly controlled by deep major faults (e.g., Changle-Nan′ao and Nanjing-Xiamen). High-density zones are concentrated within the strongly weathered layers of γ23-5 stage granitic rocks in the fault intersection zones (such as the core area of Xiamen Island), where the borehole exposure rate of boulders within 1 km from the faults is as high as 15.2%. The burial depth of boulders is predominantly within 0-30 m (with an exposure rate of 78.3%), with their frequency decreasing with depth. Their diameters are mostly less than 4 m (at a proportion of 89.17%), and the strongly weathered layer is their predominant occurrence horizon (with an exposure rate of 39.0%). The coupling effect of faults, lithology (γ23-5 stage feldspar-rich granitic rock), and weathering zones is the core mechanism for boulder differentiation. In response to the risks induced by boulders, such as those related to foundation construction, underground space development, and slope instability, this paper proposes investigation methods for fault-controlled areas, optimization of construction prevention and control technologies based on boulder characteristics, and pathways for their resource utilization. The research findings can provide a scientific basis for the safe construction of major projects in Xiamen and other similar regions. |
| Keywords:granitic spheroidal weathering body boulder distribution fracturing structure control engineering risk prevention and control geological big data Xiamen |
| 王丽芳，吴少元.基于地质大数据的厦门花岗岩孤石分布规律与工程防控[J].地质学刊,2025,49(4):425-431 |
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