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| 基金项目：国家自然科学基金项目“区域安全公正空间识别、社会生态机制与调控：基于生态系统服务供需关系视角”（42271106）、“太湖流域景观格局变化的水生态服务响应机制及调控研究”（41971230），2024年度江苏省自然资源科研课题（2024007） |
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| 摘要： |
| 山水林田湖草沙一体化保护修复是生态修复领域的热点，为生态环境治理提供了新视角。以长江下游南京段为例，聚焦山水林田湖草沙全要素综合治理，提出“总体目标—问题诊断—修复单元划分—修复目标设定—项目部署—效益分析”的修复思路。针对矿山开采损毁生态系统结构、沿江湿地生态系统退化、森林生态系统林相退化、农田破碎化4大问题，按照地理与水文特征划分为6个生态修复单元，部署湿地生态修复、矿山生态修复、林地保护提升、国土综合整治、环境综合治理5类15个重点项目。工程实施后，将有效提升区域生态系统质量，提供优质生态产品，以高水平保护修复支撑高质量发展，激发城市发展的新动能、新优势，实现显著的生态、社会与经济效益。 |
| 关键词：山水林田湖草沙 生态修复 修复单元 生态效益 长江南京段 |
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| Abstract: |
| The integrated protection and restoration of mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, grasslands, and deserts (referred to as ″mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-desert″) is a hotspot in the field of ecological restoration, providing a new perspective for environmental governance. Taking the Nanjing section of the lower Yangtze River as an example, this study focuses on the comprehensive governance of all elements of mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-grassland-desert, proposing a restoration approach with the following steps: overall goals, problem diagnosis, restoration unit division, restoration target setting, project deployment, and benefit analysis. Addressing four major issues—ecosystem structural damage due to mining activities, degradation of riparian wetland ecosystems, forest ecosystem degradation, and fragmentation of farmland—a total of six ecological restoration units are delineated based on geographical and hydrological features. Five categories of 15 key projects are deployed, including wetland ecological restoration, mining ecological restoration, forest protection and enhancement, land comprehensive management, and environmental comprehensive governance. After project implementation, the target regions′ ecological system quality will be effectively improved, providing high-quality ecological products to support high-quality development. This will activate new momentum and advantages for urban development, achieving significant ecological, social, and economic benefits. |
| Keywords:mountain-river-forest-farmland-lake-gras-desert ecological restoration restoration unit ecological benefit Nanjing section of the Yangtze River |
| 王琪琪,韩 涛,杨 磊,等.长江干流下游南京段山水林田湖草沙一体化保护与修复[J].地质学刊,2025,49(4):437-442 |
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