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| 基金项目：安徽省自然资源项目“金寨县鲜花岭—响洪甸地区铀矿普查”（2024-2-11）、“安徽省六安市磨子潭—河棚一带铀（钍）资源调查评价”（2023-g-1-9）、“安徽省金寨—舒城一带铀矿远景调查”（2013-g-8） |
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| 摘要： |
| 响洪甸、晓天火山盆地均位于秦岭—大别造山带东段，是我国金寨铀成矿远景带的重要组成部分。通过系统的地质勘查、地质测量与分析测试等工作，对比分析两盆地的铀成矿地质背景、地质特征，以及地球物理、地球化学异常特征，初步总结铀矿化富集规律。结果表明，两盆地铀成矿均与燕山晚期岩浆活动有关，但铀矿化在产出部位、矿化类型、围岩蚀变及放射性背景值等方面存在明显差异。响洪甸火山盆地铀矿化主要产于盆地塌陷构造内带的火山岩内，受火山岩、侵入岩和构造联合控制，蚀变强、类型多，航空放射性U背景值高、异常面积大，与火山盆地轮廓基本吻合；晓天火山盆地铀矿化主要产于盆地外围的变质岩内，受侵入岩脉和构造裂隙破碎带控制，热液蚀变偏弱且规模较小，出露的火山岩、侵入岩U、Th背景值，以及该盆地内地下水中的U、Rn平均含量均明显低于响洪甸火山盆地。综合对比认为，响洪甸火山盆地铀成矿地质条件相对优越，铀矿化信息明显且集中分布，品位较高，具备寻找大中型火山岩型铀矿的基本条件，其西北、东南部是寻找铀矿的最有利地段，建议作为铀矿勘查的重点攻关突破区。 |
| 关键词：成矿地质特征 铀矿 火山盆地 响洪甸 晓天 安徽六安 |
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| Abstract: |
| Both the Xianghongdian Volcanic Basin and the Xiaotian Volcanic Basin are located in the eastern section of the Qinling-Dabie Orogenic Belt and are important components of the prospective uranium belt in Jinzhai County, China. Through systematic geological exploration, geological mapping, and analytical testing, a comparative analysis was conducted on the geological background, geological characteristics, and geophysical and geochemical anomaly features of uranium mineralization in the two basins. The enrichment patterns of uranium mineralization are preliminarily summarized. It is found that uranium mineralization in both basins is related to the late Yanshanian magmatic activity; however, there are significant differences in occurrence locations, mineralization types, wallrock alteration, and radioactive background values. In the Xianghongdian Volcanic Basin, uranium mineralization mainly occurs in the volcanic rocks within the subsidence structure of the basin and is jointly controlled by volcanic rocks, intrusive rocks, and structures. The alteration is intensive and diverse, the airborne radiometric uranium background value is high, and the anomaly area is large, which is largely consistent with the outline of the volcanic basin. In contrast, uranium mineralization in the Xiaotian Volcanic Basin mainly occurs in the metamorphic rocks on the periphery of the basin and is controlled by intrusive dykes and tectonic fracture zones. Hydrothermal alteration is weak and limited in scale. The background values of U and Th in exposed volcanic and intrusive rocks, as well as the average U and Rn contents in underground water within the basin, are significantly lower than those in the Xianghongdian Volcanic Basin. Comprehensive comparison indicates that the Xianghongdian Volcanic Basin has relatively superior geological conditions for uranium mineralization: its uranium mineralization indicators are evident and spatially concentrated, with high grades. The basin possesses the essential conditions for hosting large-to medium-sized volcanic rock-hosted uranium deposits. The northwest and southeast parts of the basin are the most favorable areas for uranium exploration. It is recommended that the Xianghongdian Volcanic Basin be designated as a key breakthrough area for uranium exploration. |
| Keywords:metallogenic geological characteristic uranium ore volcanic basin Xianghongdian Xiaotian Lu′an, Anhu |
| 杨 彪,周 乾,史春旺,等.安徽六安响洪甸与晓天火山盆地铀成矿地质特征对比[J].地质学刊,2026,50(2):138-145 |
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